Vimentin (57 kDa) is the most ubiquituos intermediate filament protein and the first to be expressed during cell differentiation. All primitive cell types express vimentin but in most non-mesenchymal cells it is replaced by other intermediate filament proteins during differentiation. Vimentin is expressed in a wide variety of mesenchymal cell types: fibroblasts, endothelial cells etc., and in a number of other cell types derived from mesoderm, e.g., mesothelium and ovarian granulosa cells. Vimentin is present in many different neoplasms but is particulary expressed in those originated from mesenchymal cells. Sarcomas e.g., fibrosarcoma, malignt fibrous histiocytoma, angiosarcoma, and leio- and rhabdomyosarcoma, as well as lymphomas, malignant melanoma and schwannoma, are virtually always vimentin positive. Mesoderm derived carcinomas like renal cell carcinoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma and adenocarcinomas from endometrium and ovary usually express vimentin. Also thyroid carcinomas are vimentin positive. Any low differentiated or sarcomatoid carcinoma may express some vimentin. Vimentin is frequently included in the so-called primary panel (together with CD45, cytokeratin, and S-100 protein): Intense staining reaction for vimentin without coexpression of other intermediate filament proteins is strongly suggestive of a mesenchymal tumour or a malignant melanoma. However, in biopsies representing only a sarcomatoid part of renal cell carcinoma a.o. a strong positivity for vimentin without cytokeratin expression may be seen. Tumours like lymphomas and seminomas have the same intermediate filament profile, but the vimentin expression is usually weaker.
背景文献
1. Ridge KM et al. Roles of vimentin in health and disease. Genes Dev. 2022 Apr
2. Kuburich NA et al. Vimentin and cytokeratin: Good alone, bad together. Semin Cancer Biol. 2022 Nov
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human appendix tissue tissue with Rat anti-Vimentin antibody (HA601564) at 1/2,000 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (HA601564) at 1/2,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunocytochemistry analysis of HeLa cells labeling Vimentin with Rat anti-Vimentin antibody (HA601564) at 1/200 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 15 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rat anti-Vimentin antibody (HA601564) at 1/200 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rat IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1133) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin ( ET1602-4, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1122) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.
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