Methylation at the 5'-position of cytosine is the only known naturally occurring covalent modification of the mammalian genome. DNA methylation requires the enzymatic activity of DNA 5-cytosine methyltransferase (Dnmt) proteins, which catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl methionine to the 5'-position of cytosines residing in the dinucleotide CpG motif, and this methylation results in transcriptional repression of the target gene. The Dnmt enzymes are encoded by independent genes. Dnmt1 is the most abundant, and it preferentially methylates hemimethylated DNA and coordinates gene expression during development. Additional mammalian Dnmt proteins include Dnmt2 and Dnmt3. Dnmt2 lacks the large N-terminal regulator domain of Dnmt1, is expressed at substantially lower levels in adult tissues, and is likely involved in methylating newly integrated retroviral DNA. Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are encoded by two distinct genes, but both are abundantly expressed in embryonic stem cells, where they also methylate CpG motifs on DNA.
背景文献
1. Dunn J et al. Flow-dependent epigenetic DNA methylation regulates endothelial gene expression and atherosclerosis. J Clin Invest 124:3187-99 (2014).
2. Jefferson WN et al. Persistently altered epigenetic marks in the mouse uterus after neonatal estrogen exposure. Mol Endocrinol 27:1666-77 (2013).
序列相似性
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. C5-methyltransferase family.
组织特异性
Highly expressed in fetal tissues, skeletal muscle, heart, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, kidney, and at lower levels in placenta, brain, liver, colon, spleen, small intestine and lung.
翻译后修饰
Sumoylated; sumoylation disrupts the ability to interact with histone deacetylases (HDAC1 and HDAC2) and repress transcription.
Western blot analysis of Dnmt3a on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Dnmt3a antibody (ET1609-31) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: C2C12 cell lysate Lane 2: NIH/3T3 cell lysate Lane 3: Mouse brain tissue lysate Lane 4: Mouse skeletal muscle tissue lysate
Lysates/proteins at 30 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 102 kDa Observed band size: 130 kDa
Exposure time: 3 minutes; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (ET1609-31) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of Dnmt3a on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Dnmt3a antibody (ET1609-31) at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: SH-SY5Y cell lysate Lane 2: Hela cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 10 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 102 kDa Observed band size: 130 kDa
Exposure time: 2 minutes;
8% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (ET1609-31) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1:300,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
☑ Knockdown (KD)
Western blot analysis of Dnmt3a on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Dnmt3a antibody (ET1609-31) at 1/2,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HCT116-WT cell lysate Lane 2: HCT116-KD cell lysate
Lysates/proteins at 10 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 102 kDa Observed band size: 130 kDa
Exposure time: 2 minutes; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (ET1609-31) at 1/2,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded mouse testis tissue with Rabbit anti-Dnmt3a antibody (ET1609-31) at 1/3,000 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) (high pressure) for 2 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (ET1609-31) at 1/3,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded rat testis tissue with Rabbit anti-Dnmt3a antibody (ET1609-31) at 1/200 dilution.
The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) (high pressure) for 2 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (ET1609-31) at 1/200 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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