概述
产品名称
GAPDH Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody
抗体类型
Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody
免疫原
This antibody is produced by immunizing rabbits with full length recombinant protein of GAPDH.
种属反应性
Human, Mouse, Rat, Oryza sativa
验证应用
WB, IF-Cell, IHC-P, FC
分子量
Predicted band size: 36 kDa
阳性对照
HeLa cell lysate, A431 cell lysate, HEK-293 cell lysate, Jurkat cell lysate, NIH/3T3 cell lysate, RAW264.7 cell lysate, PC-12 cell lysate, C6 cell lysate, mouse brain tissue lysate, rat brain tissue lysate, A549, LOVO, MCF-7, rat kidney tissue, human colon cancer tissue, human spleen tissue, mouse testis tissue, Hela.
偶联
unconjugated
RRID
产品特性
形态
Liquid
浓度
1ug/ul
存放说明
Store at +4℃ after thawing. Aliquot store at -20℃. Avoid repeated freeze / thaw cycles.
存储缓冲液
1*PBS (pH7.4), 0.2% BSA, 40% Glycerol. Preservative: 0.05% Sodium Azide.
亚型
IgG
纯化方式
Immunogen affinity purified.
应用稀释度
-
WB
-
1:5,000-1:20,000
-
IF-Cell
-
1:100-1:200
-
IHC-P
-
1:50-1:200
-
FC
-
1:50-1:100
发表文章中的应用
发表文章中的种属
靶点
功能
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) catalyzes the phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate during glycolysis. It participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. GAPDH is thought to be a constitutively expressed housekeeping protein. For this reason, GAPDH mRNA and protein levels are often measured as controls in experiments quantifying specific changes in expression of other targets.
背景文献
1. Allen R.W et al. Identification of the 37-kDa protein displaying a variable interaction with the erythroid cell membrane as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem 262:649-653 (1987).
2. Meyer-Siegler K et al. A human nuclear uracil DNA glycosylase is the 37-kDa subunit of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:8460-8464 (1991).
序列相似性
Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
翻译后修饰
S-nitrosylation of Cys-152 leads to interaction with SIAH1, followed by translocation to the nucleus (By similarity). S-nitrosylation of Cys-247 is induced by interferon-gamma and LDL(ox) implicating the iNOS-S100A8/9 transnitrosylase complex and seems to prevent interaction with phosphorylated RPL13A and to interfere with GAIT complex activity.; ISGylated.; Sulfhydration at Cys-152 increases catalytic activity.; Oxidative stress can promote the formation of high molecular weight disulfide-linked GAPDH aggregates, through a process called nucleocytoplasmic coagulation. Such aggregates can be observed in vivo in the affected tissues of patients with Alzheimer disease or alcoholic liver cirrhosis, or in cell cultures during necrosis. Oxidation at Met-46 may play a pivotal role in the formation of these insoluble structures. This modification has been detected in vitro following treatment with free radical donor (+/-)-(E)-4-ethyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-3-hexenamide. It has been proposed to destabilize nearby residues, increasing the likelihood of secondary oxidative damages, including oxidation of Tyr-45 and Met-105. This cascade of oxidations may augment GAPDH misfolding, leading to intermolecular disulfide cross-linking and aggregation.; Succination of Cys-152 and Cys-247 by the Krebs cycle intermediate fumarate, which leads to S-(2-succinyl)cysteine residues, inhibits glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Fumarate concentration as well as succination of cysteine residues in GAPDH is significantly increased in muscle of diabetic mammals. It was proposed that the S-(2-succinyl)cysteine chemical modification may be a useful biomarker of mitochondrial and oxidative stress in diabetes and that succination of GAPDH and other thiol proteins by fumarate may contribute to the metabolic changes underlying the development of diabetes complications.
亚细胞定位
Cytoplasm, Nucleus.
别名
38 kDa BFA-dependent ADP-ribosylation substrate antibody
aging associated gene 9 protein antibody
Aging-associated gene 9 protein antibody
BARS-38 antibody
cb609 antibody
EC 1.2.1.12 antibody
Epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 162eP antibody
G3P_HUMAN antibody
G3PD antibody
G3PDH antibody
展开38 kDa BFA-dependent ADP-ribosylation substrate antibody
aging associated gene 9 protein antibody
Aging-associated gene 9 protein antibody
BARS-38 antibody
cb609 antibody
EC 1.2.1.12 antibody
Epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 162eP antibody
G3P_HUMAN antibody
G3PD antibody
G3PDH antibody
GAPD antibody
GAPDH antibody
Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase antibody
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase antibody
HEL-S-162eP antibody
KNC-NDS6 antibody
MGC102544 antibody
MGC102546 antibody
MGC103190 antibody
MGC103191 antibody
MGC105239 antibody
MGC127711 antibody
MGC88685 antibody
OCAS, p38 component antibody
OCT1 coactivator in S phase, 38-KD component antibody
peptidyl cysteine S nitrosylase GAPDH antibody
Peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase GAPDH antibody
wu:fb33a10 antibody
折叠图片
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Western blot analysis of GAPDH on different lysates with Rabbit anti-GAPDH antibody (R1210-1) at 1/20,000 dilution.
Lane 1: HeLa cell lysate
Lane 2: A431 cell lysate
Lane 3: HEK-293 cell lysate
Lane 4: Jurkat cell lysate
Lane 5: NIH/3T3 cell lysate
Lane 6: RAW264.7 cell lysate
Lane 7: PC-12 cell lysate
Lane 8: C6 cell lysate
Lane 9: Mouse brain tissue lysate
Lane 10: Rat brain tissue lysate
Lysates/proteins at 20 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 36 kDa
Observed band size: 36 kDa
Exposure time: 20 seconds;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (R1210-1) at 1/20,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1:50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature. -
Western blot analysis of GAPDH on Oryza sativa lysates with Rabbit anti-GAPDH antibody (R1210-1) at 1/5,000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins at 15 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 36 kDa
Observed band size: 36 kDa
Exposure time: 42 seconds; ECL: K1801;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (R1210-1) at 1/5,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature. -
Western blot analysis of GAPDH on COS-1 cell/tissue lysates with Rabbit anti-GAPDH antibody (R1210-1) at 1/20,000 dilution.
Lysates/proteins at 10 µg/Lane.
Predicted band size: 36 kDa
Observed band size: 36 kDa
Exposure time: 2 minutes;
4-20% SDS-PAGE gel.
Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (R1210-1) at 1/20,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4℃ overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody (HA1001) at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature. -
Immunocytochemistry analysis of HeLa cells labeling GAPDH with Rabbit anti-GAPDH antibody (R1210-1) at 1/100 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-GAPDH antibody (R1210-1) at 1/100 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (M1305-2, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1126) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. -
Immunocytochemistry analysis of NIH/3T3 cells labeling GAPDH with Rabbit anti-GAPDH antibody (R1210-1) at 1/100 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-GAPDH antibody (R1210-1) at 1/100 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (M1305-2, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1126) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. -
Immunocytochemistry analysis of C6 cells labeling GAPDH with Rabbit anti-GAPDH antibody (R1210-1) at 1/100 dilution.
Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-GAPDH antibody (R1210-1) at 1/100 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488, HA1121) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI.
Beta tubulin (M1305-2, red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594, HA1126) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. -
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded rat kidney tissue using anti-GAPDH antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the antibody (R1210-1) at 1/100 dilution, for 30 minutes at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chrogen. Counter stained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon cancer tissue using anti-GAPDH antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8.0-8.4) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the antibody (R1210-1) at 1/100 dilution, for 30 minutes at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chrogen. Counter stained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
-
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human spleen tissue using anti-GAPDH antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 20 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the antibody (R1210-1) at 1/100 dilution, for 30 minutes at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chrogen. Counter stained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
-
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded mouse testis tissue using anti-GAPDH antibody. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 8.0-8.4) for 20 minutes.The tissues were blocked in 5% BSA for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the antibody (R1210-1) at 1/100 dilution, for 30 minutes at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chrogen. Counter stained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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Flow cytometric analysis of HeLa cells labeling GAPDH.
Cells were fixed and permeabilized. Then stained with the primary antibody (R1210-1, 1μg/mL) (red) compared with Rabbit IgG Isotype Control (green). After incubation of the primary antibody at +4℃ for an hour, the cells were stained with a iFluor™ 488 conjugate-Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary antibody (HA1121) at 1/1,000 dilution for 30 minutes at +4℃. Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).
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